Correlation between Time Variation of Steam Distillation of Temu Hitam’s Rhizomes (Curcuma aeruginosa) and Antibacterial Activity of Essential Oil

Fauziyatul Munawaroh (1), Widya Luthfiana (2), Irma Herawati Suparto (3), Yessie Widya Sari (4), Wulan Tri Wahyuni (5), Irmanida Batubara (6)
(1) Faculty of Medicine, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia, Indonesia,
(2) Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia, Indonesia,
(3) Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia; Tropical Biopharmaca Research Center, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia, Indonesia,
(4) Department of Physic, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia; Tropical Biopharmaca Research Center, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia, Indonesia,
(5) Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia; Tropical Biopharmaca Research Center, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia, Indonesia,
(6) Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia; Tropical Biopharmaca Research Center, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia, Indonesia
https://doi.org/10.29244/jji.v8i3.345

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Issue
Vol. 8 No. 3 (2023): Jurnal Jamu Indonesia
Submitted
June 26, 2023
Published
December 22, 2023
Keywords:
    antibacterial, essential oil, GC-MS, steam distillation
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Abstract

Distillation time can affect the extraction of essential oils such as the rhizome of temu hitam (Curcuma aeruginosa) which has been shown to have antibacterial activity. Therefore, this study aims to determine the optimum distillation time to produce temu hitam rhizome oil with the strongest antibacterial activity. The rhizomes of temu hitam were steam distilled with different length of time every 30 minutes for 4 hours to obtain essential oil and determined the compounds contained in them using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Antibacterial activity was determined by disc diffusion against Streptococcus mutans, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus. The most dominant compounds present in essential oils are eucalyptol (34.89%), epicurzerenone (20.58%), and camphor (16.90%) based on the average peak of the total distillation time. The strongest antibacterial potency was obtained in the first 30 minutes of distillation for S. mutans and E. coli, and in the seventh 30 minutes of distillation for S. aureus.

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Authors

Fauziyatul Munawaroh
Faculty of Medicine, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
Widya Luthfiana
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
Irma Herawati Suparto
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia; Tropical Biopharmaca Research Center, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
Yessie Widya Sari
Department of Physic, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia; Tropical Biopharmaca Research Center, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
Wulan Tri Wahyuni
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia; Tropical Biopharmaca Research Center, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
Irmanida Batubara
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia; Tropical Biopharmaca Research Center, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
ime@apps.ipb.ac.id (Primary Contact)
Munawaroh, F., Luthfiana, W., Suparto, I. H., Sari, Y. W. ., Wahyuni, W. T. ., & Batubara, I. (2023). Correlation between Time Variation of Steam Distillation of Temu Hitam’s Rhizomes (Curcuma aeruginosa) and Antibacterial Activity of Essential Oil. Jurnal Jamu Indonesia, 8(3), 97–105. https://doi.org/10.29244/jji.v8i3.345
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