Antioxidant Capacity, Total Phenolic, and Flavonoid Content from Java Tea (Orthosiphon aristatus) Extracts

Zulhan Arif(1), Aurentinus Zalukhu(2), Alfi Hudatul Karomah(3), Mohamad Rafi(4)
(1) Departemen Kimia Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam IPB University,
(2) Departemen Kimia Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam IPB University,
(3) Departemen Kimia Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam IPB University,
(4) Departemen Kimia FMIPA IPB University; Pusat Studi Biofarmaka Tropika LPPM IPB University

Abstract

Orthosiphon aristatus, known as kumis kucing in Indonesia, has some biological activity, i.e., as an anti-inflammatory, fever, rheumatism, diabetes, and kidney stone. This plant is also known for being rich in phenolic compounds such as flavonoids. In this study, we would like to compare the antioxidant activity, total phenolics, and flavonoid content from the stems and leaves of Orthosiphon aristatus extracted with water and ethanol by maceration. The yield stem and leaves of the water extract are 12.98-31.28%, and ethanol extract 3.58 - 9.82% (dry basis). The stem and leaves water extract contains a phenolic of 7.82-26.43 (mg GAE/g) and ethanol extract of 2.27-7.84 (mg GAE/g). Water extract Orthosiphon aristatus flavonoid content is 1.23-2.86 (mg EK/g), and ethanol extract is 1.09-3.95 (mg EK/g). The antioxidant activity of ethanol (IC50), extract from leaves was 123.91 (µg/mL) and from stems was 125.50 (µg/mL), while IC50 of water extract from leaves was 114.70 (µg/mL) and from stems was 125.03 (µg/mL). The correlation test result of active compounds using linear regression is phenolic compounds with antioxidants stronger than flavonoids. The qualitative thin-layer chromatography fingerprint analysis showed that ethanol and water extract contained natural sinensetin compounds.

Full text article

Generated from XML file

References

Abdullah FI, Chua LS, Bohari SPM, Sari E. 2020. Rationale of Orthosiphon aristatus for healing diabetic foot ulcer. Nat. Prod. Commun. 15(9): 1-13. Doi: 10. 1177/ 1934 578X 20953308.

Al-Dulaimi DW, Shah AMA, Baharetha MH, Ahamed MBK, Faisal SF, Al Zarzour RH, Ein OC, Majid AAMS, Hassan ALE. 2022. Anticlastogenic, antimutagenic, and cytoprotective properties of Orthosiphon stamineus ethanolic leaves extract. Drug. Chem. Toxicol. 45(2):641-650. doi: 10.1080/01480545.2020.1749652.

Abubakar AR, Haque, M. 2020. Preparation of medicinal plants: Basic extraction and fractionation procedures for experimental purposes. J. Pharm. Bioall. Sci. 12: 1-10. Doi: 10.4103/jpbs.JPBS_175_19.

Azwanida NN. 2015. A Review on the extraction methods use in medicinal plants, principle, strength, and limitation. Med. Aromat. Plants. 4(3): 196. Doi: 10.4172/2167-0412.1000196.

Batubara I, Komariah, Sandrawati A, Nurcholis W. 2020. Genotype selection for phytochemical content and pharmacological activities in ethanol extracts of fifteen types of Orthosiphon aristatus (Blume) Miq. leaves using chemometric analysis. Sci. Rep. 10: 20945. Doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-77991-2.

Chua LS, Lau CH, Chew CY, Ismail NIM, Soontorngun N. 2018. Phytochemical profile of Orthosiphon aristatus extracts after storage: Rosmarinic acid and other caffeic acid derivatives. Phytomed. 39: 49-55. Doi: 10.1016/j.phymed.2017.12.015.

Csepregi K, Kocsis M, Hideg E. 2013. On the spectrophotometric determination of total phenolic and flavonoid contents. Acta. Biol. Hunga. 64(4): 500-509. Doi: 10.1556/ABiol.64.2013.4.10.

Faramayuda F, Mariani TS, Elfahmi, Sukrasno. 2021. Identification of secondary metabolites from callus orthosiphon aristatus (blume) miq by thin layer chromatography. Sarhad J. Agric. 37(3): 1081-1088. Doi: 10.17582/journal.sja/2021/37.3.1081.1088.

Faramayuda F, Mariani TS, Elfahmi, Sukrasno. 2022. Sinensetin Contents of Purple and White Purple Variety of Orthosiphon aristatus (Blume) Miq. Jordan. J. Biol. Sci. 15(1): 127-132. Doi: 10.54319/jjbs/150117.

Farhan M, Razak SA, Pin KY, Chuah AL, 2012. Antioxidant activity and phenolic content of different parts of Orthosiphon stamineus grown under different light intensities. J. Trop. For. Sci. 24(2): 173-177.

Halim NH, Pauzi N, Hamil SHR, Shafaei A, Ismail Z, Mohd KS. 2017. Standardization of Orthosiphon stamineus raw material and extracts for antiuterine fibroid. Int. J. Pharmacogn. Phytochem. 9(4): 512-515.

Juliani, Yuliana ND, Budijanto S, Wijaya CH, Khatib A. 2016. Senyawa inhibitor α-glukosidase dan antioksidan dari kumis kucing dengan pendekatan metabolomik berbasis FTIR. J. Teknol. Ind. Pangan. 27(1): 17-30. Doi: 10.6066/jtip.2016.27.1.17.

Kamarudin NA, Markom M, Latip J. 2016. Effects of Solvents and Extraction Methods on Herbal Plants Phyllanthus niruri, Orthosiphon stamineus and Labisia pumila. Indian. J. Sci. Technol. 9(21): 1-5. Doi: 10.17485/ijst/2016/v9i21/95235.

Khartika K, Paulsamy S. 2015. TLC and HPTLC fingerprints of various secondary metabolites in the stem of the traditional medicinal climber, Solena amplexicaulis. Indian J Pharm Sci 77(1):111-116.

Lee SH, Sancheti SA, Bafna, MR, Sancheti SS, Seo SY. 2011. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitory and antioxidant properties of Rhododendron yedoense var. Poukhanense bark. J. Med. Plant Res. 5(2): 248-254.

Lezoul NEH, Belkadi M, Habibi F, Guillén F. 2020. Extraction processes with several solvents on total bioactive compounds in different organs of three medicinal plants. Molecules 25: 4672. Doi: 10.3390/molecules25204672.

Opsenica DM, Ristivojević P, Trifković J, Vovk I, Lušić D, Tešić Z. 2016. TLC fingerprinting and pattern recognition methods in the assessment of authenticity of poplar-type propolis. J. of Chromatogr. Sci. 54(7): 1077–1083. Doi: 10.1093/chromsci/bmw024.

Puspitasari AD, Proyogo LS. 2017. Perbandingan metode ekstraksi maserasi dan sokletasi terhadap kadar fenolik total ekstrak etanol daun kersen (Muntingia calabura). J. Ilm. Cendekia. Eksakta. 2(1): 1-8. Doi: 10.3194/ce.v2i1.1791.

Rafi M, Widyastuti N, Suradikusumah E, Darusman LK. 2012. Aktivitas antioksidan, kadar fenol dan flavonoid total dari enam tumbuhan obat indonesia. J. Bahan Alam Indonesia. 8(3): 159-165.

Rafi M, Purwakusumah ED, Ridwan T, Barus B, Sutandi A, Darusman LK. 2015. Geographical classification of Java tes (Orthosiphon stamineus) from Java Island by FTIR spectroscopy combined with canonical variate analysis. J. Sains Matematika. 23(1): 25-31.

Rafi M, Sakinah NW, Wahyuni WT, Arif Z, Heryanto R. 2021. Autentikasi kumis kucing (Orthosiphon aristatus) menggunakan kombinasi spektrum ultraviolet-tampak dan partial least square regression. Indonesian. J. Chemom. Pharm. Anal. 1(2): 93-101.

Roy JD, Handique AK, Barua CC, Talukdar A, Ahmed FA, Barua IC. 2014. Evaluation of phytoconstituents and assessment of adaptogenic activity in vivo in various extracts of Rhododendron arboreum (leaves). Indian J. Pharm. Biol. Res. 2(2): 49-56.

Samidurai D, Pandurangan AK, KumarKrishnamoorthi S, Perumal MK, Nanjian R. 2019. Sinensetin isolated from Orthosiphon aristatus inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Process Biochem. 88:213-221. Doi: 10.1016/j.procbio.2019.09.031.

Sanchez-rangel JC, Benavides J, Heredia JB, Cisneros-Zevallosc L, Jacobo-Vel´azquez DA. 2013. The Folin–Ciocalteu assay revisited: improvement of its specificity for total phenolic content determination. Anal. Methods. 5: 5990. Doi: 10.1039/c3ay41125g.

Shraim AM, Ahmed TA, Rahman MM, Hijji YM. 2021. Determination of total flavonoid content by aluminum chloride assay: A critical evaluation. LWT 150: 111932. Doi: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.111932.

Septaningsih DA, Purwakusumah ED, Rafi M. 2017. Atlas Kromatografi Lapis Tipis Tumbuhan Obat Indonesia. Bogor: IPB Press.

Tung NN, Tam LT, Anh DH, Hanh TTH, Cuong NX, Cuong NT, Quang TH. 2022. Antimicrobial phenolic metabolites from the aerial parts of Orthosiphon aristatus. Phytochem. Lett. 52: 49-53. Doi: 10.1016/j.phytol.2022.09.004.

Ulya N, Endharti AT, Setyohadi R. 2014. Uji daya anthelmintik ekstrak etanol daun kumis kucing (Orthosiphon aristatus) sebagai anthelmintik terhadap Ascaris suum secara in vitro. Maj.Kesehat. FKUB. 1(3): 130-136.

Zhang Q, Lin L, Ye W. 2018. Techniques for extraction and isolation of natural products: a comprehensive review. Chin. Med. 13 (20): 1-26. Doi: 10.1186/s13020-018-0177-x.

Authors

Zulhan Arif
zulhanarif@apps.ipb.ac.id (Primary Contact)
Aurentinus Zalukhu
Alfi Hudatul Karomah
Mohamad Rafi
Antioxidant Capacity, Total Phenolic, and Flavonoid Content from Java Tea (Orthosiphon aristatus) Extracts. (2022). Jurnal Jamu Indonesia, 7(3), 93-101. https://doi.org/10.29244/jji.v7i3.268

Article Details

How to Cite

Antioxidant Capacity, Total Phenolic, and Flavonoid Content from Java Tea (Orthosiphon aristatus) Extracts. (2022). Jurnal Jamu Indonesia, 7(3), 93-101. https://doi.org/10.29244/jji.v7i3.268

Physicochemical Analysis and Antioxidant Activity of Onion Bulbs (Allium cepa L.)

Vera Ladeska, Rindita, Nur Amyra, Tamara Dwi Veranthy
Abstract View : 1475
Download :7988

Red and White Galangal Puree Antioxidant Activity and Phytochemistry Screening

Kana Mardhiyyah, Yunita Intan Ryandini, Yopi Hermawan
Abstract View : 841
Download :4359

Growth, Phenolic, and Flavonoid Production of Adenostemma platyphyllum at Different Dosages of Cow Manure

Taopik Ridwan, Fira Ananda, Faizal Maulana, Hiroshi Takemori, Sandra Azis, Irmanida Batubara
Abstract View : 65
Download :40