Efek Kombinasi Ekstrak Etanol Acalypha indica dan Centella asiatica pada Jantung Tikus Pascahipoksia: Gen Hif-1a, Troponin I dan Stres Oksidatif
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Acalypha indica, Centella asiatica, hipoksia, HIF-1a, MDA, SOD
Abstract
Hipoksia meningkatkan pembentukan dan pelepasan spesies oksigen reaktif (ROS). Sel mempunyai mekanisme melindungi diri terhadap kerusakan akibat pembentukan ROS yang terjadi secara alami. Jika pembentukan radikal bebas terjadi berlebihan maka dapat menyebabkan stres oksidatif yang memicu kerusakan sel terutama pada jantung. Sehingga tubuh memerlukan asupan antioksidan. Acalypha indica dan Centella asiatica terbukti memiliki efek antioksidan dan melindungi banyak organ dari kondisi hipoksia, sehingga penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui efek antioksidan kombinasi ekstrak etanol Acalypha indica dan Centella asiatica pada organ jantung tikus Spraque-Dawley pascahipoksia. Tiga puluh lima ekor tikus Sprague-Dawley jantan diinduksi hipoksia selama 7 hari dalam ruang khusus, kemudian diberi perlakuan. Ekstrak Acalypha indica, ekstrak Centella asiatica dan kombinasinya diberikan kepada kelompok tikus yang telah dibagi menjadi grup A (hipoksia dan diberi air), B (hipoksia dan diberi kombinasi Acalypha indica 200 mg/kgBB dan Centella asiatica 150 mg/kgBB), C (hipoksia dan diberi kombinasi Acalypha indica 250 mg/kgBB dan Centella asiatica 100 mg/kgBB), D (hipoksia dan diberi Acalypha indica 250 mg/kgBB), E (hipoksia dan diberi Centella asiatica 150 mg/kgBB), F (hipoksia dan diberi vitamin C 100mg/kgBB) dan kelompok normal. Perlakuan diberikan secara oral selama 7 hari setelah hipoksia. Parameter yang diamati adalah ekspresi mRNA HIF-1α, kadar MDA, aktivitas enzim SOD dan ekspresi mRNA cTnI. Tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna pada ekspresi HIF-1α antara grup A dan kelompok tikus normal (p>0,05). Kadar MDA meningkat signifikan pada grup A (p<0,05) dibanding tikus normal. Kadar MDA grup D mengalami penurunan secara signifikan (p<0,05) dibanding grup A. Aktivitas SOD menurun signifikan pada grup A (p<0,05) dibanding tikus normal. Aktivitas SOD grup B dan E (p<0,05) mengalami peningkatan secara signifikan dibanding grup A. Grup B meningkat signifikan (p<0,05) dibanding grup E. Tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna antar kelompok perlakuan pada Ekspresi cTnI. Tidak terdapat korelasi antara kadar MDA dan aktivitas SOD serta ekspresi mRNA HIF-1a dan mRNA cTnI. Pemberian kombinasi ekstrak Acalypha indica dan Centella asiatica tidak dapat membantu memproteksi kerusakan jantung pascahipoksia.
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