Metabolite Profiling and Cytotoxicity of Bajakah Tampala (Uncaria lanosa var. ferrea) Stem Fractions Against Breast Cancer Cells
Abstract
Bajakah Tampala (Uncaria lanosa var. ferrea (Blume) Ridsdale) has been used in traditional medicine, but its cytotoxic activity against breast cancer cells remains insufficiently characterized. This study evaluated the cytotoxicity of U. lanosa stem fractions against MCF-7 breast cancer cells and profiled metabolites in the most active fraction. The stem extract was fractionated using hexane, ethyl acetate, and water, and cytotoxicity was assessed using the WST-8 assay. Metabolite profiling was performed using UHPLC-HRMS. Among the plant fractions, the hexane fraction showed the lowest IC₅₀ value, 105.37 ± 2.51 µg/mL, followed by the ethyl acetate fraction, 130.58 ± 13.41 µg/mL, and the water fraction, 209.91 ± 16.48 µg/mL. Cisplatin showed a markedly lower IC₅₀ value of 4.50 ± 1.92 µg/mL. UHPLC-HRMS tentatively identified ten metabolites in the hexane fraction. These findings indicate that U. lanosa var. ferrea stem fractions exhibit measurable cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 cells.
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