LC-MS/MS Profiling and Anti-inflammatory Activity of Red Onion (Allium cepa L. var. Bima Brebes) Extract-Based Liniment in Mus musculus

Melisa Saragih; Siwardin Harefa; Kezia Rahel; Ratu Sukma Ruhi; Ekarin Lativa Rahmaningtyas; Laurencia Chrisiana Eliasari; Riskianto Riskianto

doi:10.29244/jji.v11i1.422

Melisa Saragih⁽¹⁾, Siwardin Harefa⁽²⁾, Kezia Rahel⁽³⁾, Ratu Sukma Ruhi⁽⁴⁾, Ekarin Lativa Rahmaningtyas⁽⁵⁾, Laurencia Chrisiana Eliasari⁽⁶⁾, Riskianto Riskianto⁽⁷⁾

(1) Diploma in Pharmacy Study Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Pelita Harapan, Tangerang, Banten, 15811,

(2) Diploma in Pharmacy Study Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Pelita Harapan, Tangerang, Banten, 15811,

(3) Diploma in Pharmacy Study Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Pelita Harapan, Tangerang, Banten, 15811,

(4) Diploma in Pharmacy Study Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Pelita Harapan, Tangerang, Banten, 15811,

(5) Diploma in Pharmacy Study Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Pelita Harapan, Tangerang, Banten, 15811,

(6) Diploma in Pharmacy Study Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Pelita Harapan, Tangerang, Banten, 15811,

(7) Pharmacist Professional Education Study Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Pelita Harapan, Tangerang, Banten, 15811

https://doi.org/10.29244/jji.v11i1.422

LC-MS/MS Profiling and Anti-inflammatory Activity of Red Onion (Allium cepa L. var. Bima Brebes) Extract-Based Liniment in Mus musculus

Issue
Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Jamu Indonesia

Submitted
July 7, 2025

Accepted
January 22, 2026

Published
February 6, 2026

Keywords:

Allium cepa L., Anti-inflammatory, Liniment, Mus musculus

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Abstract

Allium cepa L. (Bima Brebes variety) is a prolific source of quercetin-type flavonols and organosulfur compounds, recognized for their potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. Topical herbal liniments offer a practical approach to manage localized inflammation while minimizing systemic exposure. This study aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of a topical liniment formulated with a 70% ethanolic extract of A. cepa. LC–MS/MS (UHPLC Vanquish Tandem Q) had identified ten secondary metabolites putatively linked to anti-inflammatory effects. Anti-inflammatory efficacy was evaluated in vivo using a carrageenan-induced paw oedema model in male mice. Oedema inhibition was recorded at 18% in the negative control, 47% in the positive control, and 38%, 42%, and 44% for the 2 g, 3 g, and 5 g formulations, respectively. One-way ANOVA revealed significant differences among groups (p = 0.001). These findings suggested that A. cepa-based liniment formulations may serve as promising candidates as natural topical anti-inflammatory agents.

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