Combination Effects of African Leaf Ethanol Extract (Vernonia amygdalina Del.) with Red Onion Peel (Allium cepa L.) as Antidiabetes in Streptozotocin-induced Mice
Article Sidebar
-
African Leaf, Onion Peel, Combination, Streptozotocin, Antidiabetic
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes arises when the body becomes resistant to insulin or when the pancreas fails to produce sufficient insulin. This study aimed to evaluate the antidiabetic effects of reducing blood glucose levels in white male mice through the administration of an ethanol extract of African leaves and onion peel, as well as to determine the duration of these effects. Streptozotocin was used to induce diabetes in the mice, and the experiment was conducted over a period of 21 days. The mice were divided into seven groups: Group 1 received a placebo (CMC Na 0.5%), Group 2 received glibenclamide (0.013 mg/20 g body weight), Group 3 received a single dose of African leaf extract (4.2 mg/20 g BW), Group 4 received a single dose of onion peel extract (4 mg/20 g BW), and Groups 5, 6, and 7 received combinations of African leaf and onion peel extracts at ratios of 1:1, 1:2, and 2:1, respectively. The results demonstrated that the combined administration of African leaf and onion peel extracts significantly reduced blood glucose levels, with decreases of 44.701%, 49.929%, and 51.996% in the 1:1, 1:2, and 2:1 group, respectively. The 1:1 combination was particularly effective, showing a reduction in blood glucose levels comparable to the positive control, which achieved a 45.957% decrease. The administration of the test preparations effectively reduced blood glucose levels over 21 days, with significant reductions observed on both the 14th and 21st days.
Full text article
References
Asante, D. B., Effah-Yeboah, E., Barnes, P., Abban, H. A., Ameyaw, E. O., Boampong, J. N., Ofori, E. G., & Dadzie, J. B. (2016). Antidiabetic Effect of Young and Old Ethanolic Leaf Extracts of Vernonia amygdalina: A Comparative Study. Journal of Diabetes Research, 2016(1), 8252741. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/8252741
Departemen Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (1995). Farmakope Indonesia Edisi IV.
Departemen Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2013). Farmakope Herbal Indonesia, Jilid V-VI. Direktorat Jenderal Pengawasan Obat dan Makanan, Direktorat Pengawasan Obat Tradisional.
Fiana, N., & Oktaria, D. (2016). Pengaruh Kandungan Saponin dalam Daging Buah Mahkota Dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa) terhadap Penurunan Kadar Glukosa Darah. Majority, 5(4), 128–132.
Hanani, E. (2015). Analisis Fitokimia. EGC.
Harsono, E. P. L. (2014). Pengaruh Perasan Bawang Merah (Allium cepa L. var. ascalonicum) Terhadap Penurunan Kadar Gula Darah Mencit (Mus musculus) strain BALB-C. https://repository.unej.ac.id/xmlui/handle/123456789/22477
Hidayat, S. A., & Zahroh, C. (2018). Pengaruh Bawang Merah Kepada Penurunan Kadar Gula Darah Pada Penderita Diabetes Mellitus di Desa Sidoraharjo Kecamatan Kedamean Kabupaten Gresik. Journal of Health Sciences, 10(2). https://doi.org/10.33086/jhs.v10i2.139
Husna, F., Suyatna, F. D., Arozal, W., & Purwaningsih, E. H. (2019). Model Hewan Coba pada Penelitian Diabetes. Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, 6(3), 131–141. https://doi.org/10.7454/psr.v6i3.4531
Liem, S., Yuliet, Y., & Khumaidi, A. (2015). Aktivitas Antidiabetes Kombinasi Gubenklamid dan Ekstrak Daun Salam (Syzygium polyanthum Wight) Terhadap Mencit (Mus musculus) yang Dinduksi Aloksan. Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) (e-Journal), 1(1), 42–47. https://doi.org/10.22487/j24428744.2015.v1.i1.4831
Lolok, N., Rahmat, H., & Wijayanti, P. M. (2019). Efek Antidiabetes Kombinasi Ekstrak Limbah Kulit Bawang Dayak Dan Limbah Kulit Bawang Merah Pada Mencit Yang Diinduksi Aloksan. Jurnal Mandala Pharmacon Indonesia, 5(02), 56–64. https://doi.org/10.35311/jmpi.v5i02.49
Ong, K. W., Hsu, A., Song, L., Huang, D., & Tan, B. K. H. (2011). Polyphenols-rich Vernonia amygdalina shows anti-diabetic effects in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 133(2), 598–607. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2010.10.046
Prameswari, O. M., & Widjanarko, S. B. (2014). Uji Efek Ekstrak Air Daun Pandan Wangi Terhadap Penurunan Kadar Glukosa Darah dan Histopatologi Tikus Diabetes Melitus. Jurnal Pangan Dan Agroindustri, 2(2), 16–27. https://jpa.ub.ac.id/index.php/jpa/article/view/33
Puspati, N. K. S., Anthara, M. S., & Yudha, A. A. G. O. D. (2013). Pertambahan Bobot Badan Tikus Diabetes Mellitus dengan Pemberian Ekstrak Etanol Buah Naga Daging Putih. Indonesia Medicus Veterinus, 2(2), 225–234.
Putri, Y. A. (2019). Potensi Daun Afrika (Vernonia amygdalina) sebagai Antidiabetik. Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Sandi Husada, 10(2), 336–339. https://doi.org/10.35816/JISKH.V10I2.183
Safitri, E., Fauziah, F., Sari, W., Dini, F., Khirna, N., & Hasri Desfiana, U. (2022). Efek Pemberian Ekstrak Etanol Kulit Buah Pisang Kepok (Musa acuminata Linn.) Terhadap Penurunan Kadar Glukosa Darah Mencit Jantan (Mus musculus L.). Prosiding Seminar Nasional Biotik, 9(2), 180. https://doi.org/10.22373/pbio.v9i2.11658
Setiani, L. A., Moerfiah, M., & Yulianita, Y. (2020). Uji Aktivitas Antiinflamasi Infusa Daun Afrika (Vernonia amygdalina) pada Tikus Putih yang Diinduksi Karagenan. Pharmacon: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia, 17(1), 77–85. https://doi.org/10.23917/pharmacon.v17i1.9322
Solikhah, S., Barlian, A., & Pratiwi, R. (2020). Gambaran Penggunaan Obat Antidiabetika Golongan Sulfonilurea. Politeknik Harapan Bersama Tegal.
Song, J., Kwon, O., Chen, S., Daruwala, R., Eck, P., Park, J. B., & Levine, M. (2002). Flavonoid inhibition of sodium-dependent vitamin C transporter 1 (SVCT1) and glucose transporter isoform 2 (GLUT2), intestinal transporters for vitamin C and glucose. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 277(18), 15252–15260. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M110496200
Tambusai, N. A. (2018). Uji Efek Imunomodulator Ekstrak Etanol Daun Afrika (Vernonia amygdalina, Delile.) Terhadap Aktivitas Fagoitosis Sel Imun pada Mencit Jantan dengan Metode Karbon Kliren [Universitas Sumatera Utara]. In Skripsi. https://repositori.usu.ac.id/handle/123456789/10573
Toby, T. R., Amat, A. L. S., & Artawan, I. M. (2020). Uji Efek Antidiabetes Ekstrak Etanol Daun Kelor (Moringa oleifera) Terhadap Tikus Putih Sprague Dawley Yang Diinduksi Aloksan. Universitas Nusa Cendana: Cendana Medical Journal (CMJ), 8(2), 24–35. https://doi.org/10.35508/CMJ.V8I2.3336
Tuldjanah, M., Wirawan, W., & Setiawati, N. P. (2020). Uji Efek Ekstrak Etanol Daun Afrika (Gymnanthemum amygdalinum (delile) Sch. Bip. Ex Walp) terhadap Kadar Glukosa Darah Tikus Putih Rattus norvegicus). Jurnal Sains Dan Kesehatan, 2(4), 340–346. https://doi.org/10.25026/jsk.v2i4.162
Widiana, H., & Marianti, A. (2022). Aktivitas Antihiperglikemia dan Antioksidan Ekstrak Daun Sirih Merah Pada Tikus Hiperglikemia Induksi Aloksan. Life Science, 11(1), 68–77. https://doi.org/10.15294/LIFESCI.V11I1.59796
World Health Organization (WHO). (2019). Classification of diabetes mellitus. http://apps.who.int/bookorders.
Authors
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Copyright @2017. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial used, distribution and reproduction in any medium