Development and Evaluation of Topical Gel Containing Rosa spp. Extract for Anti-Acne and Anti-Aging Properties
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Antibacterial activity, Cutibacterium acnes, Physicochemical evaluation, Rosa spp., Topical gel
Abstract
The present study aimed to develop and evaluate a topical gel containing ethanolic red rose flower extract as a potential natural anti-acne and anti-aging preparation. The extract was screened for phytochemicals, and the gel was formulated with varying concentrations of Carbopol 940 (0.25-1.25%). The gels were characterized for their organoleptic properties, pH, viscosity, spreadability, and in vitro antibacterial activity against Cutibacterium acnes. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, quinones, tannins, saponins, triterpenoids, and anthocyanins in the extract. Organoleptic evaluation showed that Formulas 2 (0.5% Carbopol) and 3 (0.75% Carbopol) had the most suitable characteristics for a cosmetic gel, with moderate viscosity, non-greasiness, rapid absorption, and user comfort. Viscosity testing confirmed pseudoplastic flow behavior, with Formulas 2 and 3 exhibiting an optimal balance between physical stability and ease of application. Spreadability and adhesiveness tests further supported the suitability of these formulas. The pH of all formulas ranged from 7.02 to 7.08, requiring further optimization to match the skin's physiological pH. Antibacterial testing revealed that all gel formulas containing 1% extract showed strong inhibition against C. acnes (inhibition zones of 15.0 ± 1.2–1.3 mm), attributed to the presence of flavonoids, tannins, and other bioactive compounds. The results suggest that the red rose flower extract gel, particularly Formulas 2 and 3, has promising potential as a natural anti-acne and anti-aging preparation, offering a balance of physical stability, user comfort, and antibacterial activity.
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References
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