Phytochemical analysis and Antibacterial Activity of Acetone Extract of Secang (Caesalpinia sappan L)

Tita Juwitaningsih (1), Sri Adelia Sari (2), Iis Siti Jahro (3), Neneng Windayani (4)
(1) Universitas Negeri Medan, Medan, Indonesia,
(2) Universitas Negeri Medan, Medan, Indonesia,
(3) Universitas Negeri Medan, Medan, Indonesia,
(4) UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung, Ireland

Abstract

In North Sumatra, the stem of the secang (Caesalpinia Sappan L) has been used in traditional medicine. This study aimed to conduct phytochemical analysis of the acetone extract of C. sappan and determine its antibacterial potency. Phytochemical test using 1H-NMR spectroscopy method andantibacterial activity were carried out on six pathogenic bacteria, including paper disc diffusion tests, determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) using the microdilution method, and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). Based on 1H-NMR spectroscopic data, the acetone stem extract of C. Sappan L contains flavonoids and terpenoids and has activity against all tested bacteria with an inhibition zone in the range of 6.20 ± 0.53 - 10.93 ± 2.55 mm, MIC 312 - 5000 µg / mL and MBC 625-> 5000 µg / mL. The acetone extract of C. sappan showed the best activity against S. aureus ATCC 25923 with a MIC of 312 µg / mL. C. sappan L is a potential source of new antibacterial compounds.

Full text article

Generated from XML file

References

Nirmal, N.P., Rajput, M.S., Prasad, R.G.S.V., & Ahmad, M, (2015), Brazilin from Caesalpiniasappan heartwood and its pharmacological activities: A review. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine, 8(6):421–430. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apjtm.2015.05.014.

Badami, S., MoorkothdanB.Suresh., (2004), Caesalpiniasappan a medicinal anf dye yelding plant, Natural Product Radiace, 3(2):75-84.

Wetwitayaklung P, Phaechamud T, Keokitichai S., (2005), The antioxidant activity of Caesa lpiniasappan L. heartwood in various ages, Naresuan Uni J, 13(2):43-52.

Batubara, I., Mitsunaga, T. & Ohashi, H., (2009), Screening antiacne potency of Indonesian medicinal plants: antibacterial, lipase inhibition, and antioxidant activities. Journal of Wood Science, 55(3):230–235. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10086-008-1021-1

Sasaki, Y., T. Hosokawa, & Nagai, M., (2007), In Vitro Study for Inhibition of NO Production about Constituents of Sappan Lignum, Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 30(1):1993–196. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1248/bpb.30.193

Bukke, A.N., Fathima, N.H., Babu S.K., Shankar, P.C., (2018), In Vitro Studies Data on Anticancer of Caesalpiniasappan L, Heartwood and Leaf Extracts on MCF7 And A549 Cell Lines, 19: 868-877.

Suyatmi, F., Azzumar, R. N. Pesik, & D. Indarto, (2019), Potential Anticancer Activity of CaesalpiniaSappan Linn., In Silico and In Vitro Studies. KnE Life Sciences, 4(12):96.

You, E.-J., Khil, L.-Y., Kwak, W.-J., Won, H.-S., Chae, S.-H., Lee, B.-H., & Moon, C-K., (2005), Effects of brazilin on the production of fructose-2,6-bisphosphate in rat hepatocytes. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 102(1):53–57. DOI: DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2005.05.020

Hu, C.M., Kang, J.J., Lee, C.C., Li, C.H., Liao, J.W., & Cheng, Y.W., (2002), Induction of vasorelaxation through activation of nitric oxide synthase in endothelial cells by brazilin. Eur J Pharmacol, 468(1):37-45.

Srilakshmi, V.S, Vijayan, P., Raj, P.V, Dhanaraj, S.A., & Chandrashekhar, H.R., (2010), Hepatoptotective properties of Caesalpiniasappan Linn. Heartwood on carbon tetrachloride induced toxicity. Ind J ExperBiol, 48(9):905-910.

Nilesh, P.N., Mithun, S. R., Rangabhatla, G.S.V.P., Mehraj, A., (2015), Brazilin from Caesalpinia sappan Heartwood and Its Pharmacological Activities: A review, Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine, 8(6):421- 430.

Mohan, G., S.P. Anand., & A. Doss., (2011), Efficacy of Aqueous and Methanol extracts of Caesalpinia sappan L. and Mimosa pudica L. for their potential Antimicrobial activity, South As.J.Biol. Sci, 1(2): 48-57.

Srinivasan, R., Selvam G.G., Karthik, S., Mathivanan, K.M., Baskaran, R., Karthikeyan, M., Gopi, M., & Govindasamy, C.K., (2012), In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Caesalpiniasappan L. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed, 1(1): S136-S139.

Kaur, H., Mohammad, H. A., Pranav, K. P., Amritpal, S., Ashish, S., (2016), Phytochemical Screening and Antimicrobial Activity of Caesalpinia sappan L. Leaves, International Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemical Research, 8(6): 1064-1069.

Verma, N., & Shukla S., (2015), Impact of various factors responsible for fluctuation in plant secondary metabolites. Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Elsevier BV. Dec. 2(4):105–13. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jarmap.2015.

Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI)., (2012), Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Disk Susceptibility Tests; Approved Standard—Eleventh Edition CLSI document M02-A11, Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, USA.

Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI)., (2012), Methods for Dilution Antimicrobial Susceptibility Tests for Bacteria That Grow Aerobically; Approved Standard—Ninth Edition CLSI document M07-A9, Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, USA.

Juwitaningsih, T., Jahro, I.S., Sari, S.A., & Rukayadi, Y. 2020. Antibacterial Activity of Various Medicinal Plants in North Sumatera Against Common Human Pathogens. Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment, 24(1):99-105.

Fu, L. C., Xin, A. H., Zhen, Y. L., Ying, J.H., Hong, J.L., Xiong, L. C., (2008), A New 3-Benzylchroman Derivates from Sappan Lignum (Caesalpiniasappan), Molecules, 13: 1923-1930.

Xu, Y.J., Jianbing, Z., Chun, P.T., dan Yang, Y., (2013), A New Diterpenoids from the Seeds of Caesalpiniasappan Linn. Rec. Nat. Prod 7(2): 124-128.

Davis, W.W., dan Stout, T.R., (1971), Disc Plate Method of Microbiological Antibiotic Assay, Applied Microbiology 22 (4): 659-665.

Srinivasan, R., Selvam G.G., Karthik, S., Mathivanan, K.M., Baskaran, R., Karthikeyan, M., Gopi, M., & Govindasamy, C.K., (2012), In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Caesalpiniasappan L. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed, 1(1): S136-S139.

Manish, P., Vijay, L., Dharam, C., & M.C. Nautiyal., (2016), Antimicrobial Potential of Acetone and Methanol extracts of Rhusparviflora Roxb. Indian Journal of Forestry, 39(3):1-4.

Dzoyem, J.P., N. Kuete., A.H.L, Kuete, V., Tala, M.F., Wabo, H.K., Guru, S.K., Rajput, V.S., Sharma, A., Tane, P., Khan, I.A., Saxena, A.K., Laatsch, H., & Tan, N.H., (2012), Cytotoxity and Antimicrobial Activity of the Methanol Extract and Compounds from Polygonum limbatum. Planta Med, 78:787–792.

Cushnie, T.P.Tim. Lamb, Andrew J. Amtimicrobial Activity of Flavonoids. International Journal of Antimicrobial AgentsI. 2005;26: 343-356.

Cowan, M.M., (1999), Plant Product as Antimicrobial Agents. J. Microbiology Reviews. 12(4): 564582.

Authors

Tita Juwitaningsih
juwitaningsih@gmail.com (Primary Contact)
Sri Adelia Sari
Iis Siti Jahro
Neneng Windayani
Juwitaningsih, T. ., Sri Adelia Sari, Iis Siti Jahro, & Neneng Windayani. (2021). Phytochemical analysis and Antibacterial Activity of Acetone Extract of Secang (Caesalpinia sappan L). Jurnal Jamu Indonesia, 6(2), 68–74. https://doi.org/10.29244/jji.v6i2.209

Article Details