Jurnal Jamu Indonesia

Molecular Docking Study of Bioactive Compounds from Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb. as Antioxidant and Anticancer Activities

2024-04-26T15:08:25+07:00

Cancer is one type of dangerous disease that is increasing every year. Free radicals are the cause of gene mutations (cancer). Cancer will develop uncontrollably due to the occurrence of the cell cycle and the presence of compounds that trigger cell proliferation and inhibit the process of apoptosis. This cancer treatment is carried out by giving cyclin-dependent kinase2 (CDK2) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor drugs to inhibit cancer development, as well as lipoxygenase (LOX) inhibitor drugs for the formation of free radicals. Curcuma aeruginosa RoxB., the plant, is known to have the potential for antioxidant and anticancer properties. This study aims to determine the molecular interaction between the dominant compound in the ethanol extract of C. aeruginosa with CDK2, COX-2, and LOX receptors. The type of ligand interaction with the receptor was determined through the parameters of affinity energy (∆G), inhibition constant (Ki), type of interaction, and percentage of binding site similarity (%BSS). The results showed that the gajutsulacton A had the best potential in inhibiting CDK2. The cucumenol may be a COX-2 inhibitor, and there are no compounds that can inhibit LOX as well as an antioxidant. Thus, our findings demonstrate the potential for C. aeruginosa bioactive to serve as anticancer candidate molecules against CDK2 and COX-2 receptors.

Phytochemical Screening, Cytotoxicity Test, and Antibacterial Activity Test of Wungu Plant Extract (Graptophyllum pictum L. Griff)

2024-04-26T15:44:25+07:00

Indonesia boasts a rich array of medicinal herbs, including the wungu (Graptophyllum pictum L. Griff), which is known for its potential as an anticancer and antibacterial agent. Here, we used qualitative phytochemical assays to identify bioactive compounds in various parts of the wungu plant (leaves, stem, and roots) and their efficacy in combating cancer and bacterial infections. The brine shrimp lethality test (BSLT) was used to measure anticancer properties and antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli. We found that the leaves contained flavonoids, triterpenoids, phenols, saponins, and alkaloids, whereas the stem and root contained steroids and alkaloids. Notably, the wungu plant exhibited no toxicity, as shown by the cytotoxicity test, indicating a lack of anticancer potential as all parts showed LC₅₀ values exceeding 1000 ppm. However, the antibacterial assays strikingly showed efficacy against bacteria across all parts of the plants, with varying strengths from weak to strong. This study sheds light on the promising antibacterial properties of the wungu plant and its potential as a therapeutic agent.

Optimization of Cardamom Fruit (Amomum compactum) Extraction Focused on Total Terpenoid Extraction and Cytotoxic Activity Using Response Surface Methodology

2024-04-26T15:20:42+07:00

Cardamom is one of the medicinal plants called perennial herbs from the Zingiberaceae family. Cardamom, with the scientific name Amomum compactum, contains various phytochemical compounds such as terpenoids, flavonoids, phenolics, tannins, sterols, and proteins that are pharmacologically useful as an anticancer, antioxidant, and have cytotoxic activity. Testing the total content of terpenoid compounds that affect the cytotoxic activity of A. compactum fruit using Box-Behnken Design with three independent variables (solvent ratio, ethanol concentration, and extraction time) has never been studied before. Thus, this study aimed to obtain the extraction optimization conditions on the total terpenoid content and cytotoxic activity using Artemia salina Leach larvae with the response surface method, namely Box-Behnken Design with Design Expert 13.0 application. Determination of the total terpenoid content of the A. compactum fruit extract was carried out based on the standard ursalic acid, and the cytotoxic activity was carried out using the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) method. The maximum total terpenoid obtained was 4.8970 mg UAE/g DW, and the minimum IC50 value was 38.8813 ppm. Optimal conditions for the extraction of A. compactum fruit obtained a combination of 1:8 mL/g solvent ratio, 50% ethanol concentration, and extraction time of 1 day with a desirability value of 0.772. Furthermore, the optimal extraction solution results from the Box-Behnken Design were verified and analyzed using a One-Sample T-Test. Using the Box-Behnken Design extraction optimization method, the content of terpenoid bioactive compounds with cytotoxic activity from A. compactum fruit can be optimally obtained.

Novel Compounds Design of Acertannin, Hamamelitannin, and Petunidin-3-Glucoside Typical Compounds of African Leaves (Vernonia amygdalina Del) as Antibacterial Based on QSAR and Molecular Docking

2024-04-26T14:32:38+07:00

Antibacterial secondary metabolites such as tannins and their derivatives are found in the Vernonia amygdalina Del. Antibiotic resistance can develop due to overuse, reducing the efficacy of drugs to prevent and treat infections. This research aims to use the Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) and the semi-empirical method Austin Model 1 (AM1) to design a modified novel compound from African leaves that has improved antibacterial activity. This research includes a descriptor calculation of QSAR using AM1 MOE on typical compounds from African leaves, and calculation results are chosen based on a multilinear regression statistical analysis. The model equation represents the three primary parameters of QSAR, which are electronic, hydrophobic, and steric parameters, which will be used to measure modified compounds. Molecular docking using Autodock Tools (The Scripps Research Institute, USA), and analysis of results of docking Autodock Tools using Discovery Studio 3.5 Client. The best QSAR model obtained is LogEC₅₀ = (0.829 x LogP) - (1,302 x AM1_HOMO) - (0.339 x AM1_dipole) - (5,128 x mr) + (0.145 x vol) - (11,355). The results showed that EC₅₀ prediction of modified hamamelitannin has the best activity with the lowest ΔGbind -9.0 kcal/mol and inhibition constant of 0.249 μM. In summary, the novel compound's design calculation has better antibacterial activity, as indicated by a lower EC_50, than fosfomycin or compounds without modification. The modified hamamelitannin compound was found to have better antibacterial activity (prediction EC₅₀ = 0.1933 μM) than the original (experimental EC₅₀ = 145.50 μM).

2024-04-26T16:39:21+07:00

Potential of Sunda Porcupine (Hystrix javanica) Quills Extract as a Wound Healing Medicine: A Review of the Bioactive Components and Mechanisms

2024-04-26T15:34:30+07:00

Sunda porcupine (Hystrix javanica), a native species of Indonesia, is renowned for its distinctive sharp quills enveloping its body. Despite its reputation as a spiky creature, the use of porcupine quills in traditional medicine in Indonesian society, especially for toothache and stomach ulcers, shows that there are benefits as an alternative to herbal medicine that has yet to be fully explored. Even outside Indonesia, North American porcupine quills are reported to have antibiotic properties related to the free fatty acids that coat the spines. Extracts of Sunda porcupine quills have also shown interesting antibacterial activity. Several bioactive compounds have been found in Sunda porcupine quills extract, including alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, triterpenoids, and peptides. These compounds have various health benefits, such as analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial. In addition, the antibacterial activity test on the extract showed strong potential against the growth of gram-positive bacteria. The activities of secondary metabolites that play a role in helping wound healing are anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antibacterial/antimicrobial activities. Wound healing mechanisms involve several complex interactions of various cellular and molecular processes. Recent research has revealed the great potential of extracts from Sunda porcupine quills as a wound healing medicine. Although the potential of Sunda porcupine quills extract as a wound healing medicine has attracted attention, this research still has limitations. Critical measures, such as in vivo and in vitro testing, still need to be improved, leaving gaps in information that require further research. The challenge of an in-depth understanding of the activity and mechanisms of bioactive compounds is the focus on optimizing the utilization of Indonesia's natural potential. This article reviews the bioactive components of Sunda porcupine quills extract and their mechanism as a wound healing agent.

Jurnal Jamu Indonesia

Molecular Docking Study of Bioactive Compounds from Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb. as Antioxidant and Anticancer Activities

Phytochemical Screening, Cytotoxicity Test, and Antibacterial Activity Test of Wungu Plant Extract (Graptophyllum pictum L. Griff)

Optimization of Cardamom Fruit (Amomum compactum) Extraction Focused on Total Terpenoid Extraction and Cytotoxic Activity Using Response Surface Methodology

Novel Compounds Design of Acertannin, Hamamelitannin, and Petunidin-3-Glucoside Typical Compounds of African Leaves (Vernonia amygdalina Del) as Antibacterial Based on QSAR and Molecular Docking

Table of Contents

Potential of Sunda Porcupine (Hystrix javanica) Quills Extract as a Wound Healing Medicine: A Review of the Bioactive Components and Mechanisms